Main Features and Working Principle
Side-Draft Cooling Tower
Fan Location
Large axial fans are installed on one or both sides of the cooling tower, rather than on the top.
Water Flow Path
Hot water is evenly distributed from the water distribution system at the top of the tower and flows vertically downwards through the fill media.
Airflow Path
Air is drawn horizontally into the tower from one side by the fans, flows laterally across the fill media, and then exits from the other side or the top. This differs from counterflow towers where air flows vertically upwards.
Heat Exchange Process
Within the filler, the falling hot water and the laterally flowing air undergo cross-flow heat and mass transfer, and the cooled water collects in the bottom water basin.
Advantages VS Disadvantages
Advantages
- Low operating pressure: The water pump only needs to deliver water to the distribution pool at the top of the tower, eliminating the need to overcome significant static pressure head, resulting in greater energy efficiency.
- Easy maintenance: The fan and motor are installed at ground level on the side of the tower, making maintenance, inspection, and replacement very convenient without the need to climb to the top of the tower.
- Low noise: The fan speed is usually lower and located on the side, sometimes combined with noise reduction structures, making the noise easier to control and manage compared to top-mounted fans.
- Modular design: Multiple tower units can be easily combined in parallel to increase capacity, suitable for large-scale projects.
- Good stability: The structure has a low center of gravity and good wind resistance.
Disadvantages
- Larger footprint: Due to the need for side air intake space, it usually occupies more floor area than a counterflow tower of the same capacity.
- Susceptible to wind direction: If improperly arranged, the side air outlet may be affected by the prevailing local wind direction, causing hot air recirculation and reducing efficiency.
- Water exposure risk: The open water distribution tray may cause water drift loss in strong winds and is more susceptible to dust and debris contamination.
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